But it is impossible to move some of the men of to-day, so that I think that I know now what I did not know before, the meaning of the familiar saying, 'A fool is not to be persuaded nor broken of his folly.' May it never be my lot to have for friend a wise fool: nothing is more difficult to handle.
Discourses of Epictetus
Book 2, Chapter 15
Ahh, the wise fool. How often in our daily lives--personally and through various media--do we encounter that person who thinks they are the guardians of the truth. We can see they are intelligent, well spoken, well read even, but they press their belief in some false idea that has been tested and found false over and over again.
In a video, Slavoj Žižek quotes a communist commissar insisting that communism failed in the Soviet Union because it was never really implemented, that it had been corrupted by Stalin. And with the same reasoning, a staunch capitalist is shown offering the same logic following yet another massive economic collapse. He insists the failure of capitalism was a result of it being corrupted by too much government interference; that pure capitalism, like pure communism, has never really been tried. Both people represent the wise fool--men of great intellect who continue to cling to false ideas.
These are world changing ideas that millions still cling to, which brings up the greater point: what ideas do we, as individuals, have that are false, that are damaging to our ability to lead good, meaningful lives. Do we overvalue the opinion of others? Do we give meaning to things rather than to people? Do we try to make ourselves "better" by buying some consumer product rather than working on the only thing that can make us better: our minds. Are we valuing the wrong things perhaps making false connections: money leading to love, or travel to enlightenment, or thinness to happiness. I'm not providing any answers here, but rather offering up the idea that we should examine our fool's wisdom.
When the facts change, I change my mind. What do you do, sir?
John Maynard Keynes